Lobster or Freshwater Crayfish is a water animal that is easy enough to be cultivated. The price is quite high, about 150-250 thousand rupiah / kg, making the cultivation of freshwater crayfish promising benefits when done with the correct technique. The native freshwater crayfish habitat is in the river and in swamps and lakes. However, many facilities can be used
The media of this freshwater crayfish is very varied. In general, freshwater lobsters are extensively cultivated in soil ponds. In an extensively cultivated farmers only put sires on the pond at periodic times the pond is dried and lobsters that already meet the commercial size will be sold and the rest will be bought into the pond. In the intensive cultivation of farmers began to feed into the pond with a variety of vegetables, including commercial feed.
Intensive cultivation provides better results than in an extensive manner. Another medium that is often used is a cement pool or a fiber pool (Tank). Pond cement and fiber pool is widely used to raise burayak to weight about 5 cm. In Indonesia, freshwater crayfish cultivation is mostly done in residential scale especially in hatchery.
The cultivation of freshwater crayfish is very quick and easy, unlike tiger prawns or relatively few and complicated prawns. Ordinary people can do it themselves either in small business scale or large scale. With a little capital and a strong will, everyone can cultivate freshwater crayfish. Freshwater lobster is not easy to stress and is not susceptible to disease. Provided that the needs of feed, water quality, and oxygen needs are met then lobsters can grow and multiply rapidly. Seen from its climate and its seasonal cycles, Indonesia has enormous potential to cultivate freshwater lobster throughout the year. Freshwater lobsters that generally lay eggs 4-5 times a year can be utilized to the fullest. In addition to the highly supportive climatic conditions, natural food sources for lobsters are available quite a lot in nature and are easy to obtain. With the natural food, the lobster will grow rapidly. Because the cultivation of lobster is not difficult then this business can be used as a side business.
BUSINESS SUCCESS TIPS
Tip 1
Use large physical sized breeds (can produce +/- 500 s / d +/- 900 per head 1 egg) as seed production and to accelerate the growth of 2cm seedlings give extra food in the form of silk worms, and give earthworms to speed up the laying process for the dikawainkan, then you need to know also on the process of skin change means the process of growth, (growing). Especially in the enlargement process in the aquarium, therefore to stimulate skin turnover as often as possible with the frequent you do a water change in the aquarium (every 3hari or weekly) depending on the water turbidity level.
Tip 2
Take surveillance as often as possible, to avoid another Lobster attack on lobster undergoing a moulting process. Because during the moulting process, in addition to the weak condition, at that time also issued a liquid substance that can stimulate the cannibal nature and conduct attacks on the lobster is being helpless. And also provide safety on the place (Pond or Aquarium) so that Lobster does not blur due to its high pengembaraanya nature, and can survive up to 8 s / d 12 hours outside the pond / aquarium.
Tip 3
Give extra / extra food, especially at night, around 19:00 ~ 21:00 to taste, check and feed the pellet, if there is no food left in the afternoon. This is done to menghinadri mutual attack among fellow Lobsters, because this animal has a very high cannibalism in addition to the activities of this group of animals increased at night including to find prey. This type of animal does not spread the smell of rancid / fishy like the type of shrimp or other fish, so the cultivation of livestock / can be done in the environment of the house / residence.
Tip 4
Determine your choice before plunging into the freshwater business of Freshwater Lobster because of the way the management consists of several segments, whether you are: a trader; Livestock enlargement; Livestock breeding: Livestock hobby / collection. this needs to be done so that the business steps you run can be more focused. Also read the book as an easy reference.
Tip 5
What if the choice of cultivation / livestock enlargement, prepare the pond for enlargement start small scale in order to gain knowledge of the nature of the specific properties of this animal which one of them is the nature of cannibalism high. Order scale of the risk of depreciation caused by death and lack of skill can pressed as small as possible if one enters a large business scale. And what if the knowledge is already obtained, start with production planning for harvest targets every month, to see illustration planning.
Tip 6
The choice of cultivation of breeding cattle is the same as the cultivation step of the breeding is only more sensitive breeding again, you should let s / d aged +/- 1.5 months just move the enlargement to the pool. These animals do live more suitably in tropical climates with air temperatures of 24 to 30 degrees Celsius as well as water conditions, especially for children newly separated from their mother (burayak) using a water-measuring device or fluid, then what if the water is not ideal ( Ph water ideal for LAT = 7 s / d 9) can be overcome by providing Ph or Ph Down additive, in order to maintain the ideal Ph. All equipment to control the Ph-state of water can be obtained at the nearest ornamental fish accessories store.
Tip 7
The choice of place, plan the location of the placement of aquarium and maintenance pool select the nuance is not noisy because the animal is easily stressed by the things that are so, especially in the process of marriage and pregnancy, the possibility of eggs will be easy to fall, so it will inhibit the process of breeding culture desired. Avoid environments of predators, rats, cats, and the like, by installing a chicken wire cover protector and the like. Water level 15 to 20 Cm and adequate oxygen supply by installing aerotor / air stone and filter pump, to keep the water circulation clean.
CRITICAL FACTORS IN BUSINESS SUCCESS
1. LOBSTER LIFE REQUIREMENT
Lobster in general can live on a wide water parameter hose. They are known to be tolerant of very low dissolved oxygen content. However, to grow and develop properly would not be able to do under such conditions. To grow and develop properly they require dissolved oxygen levels of more than 4 ppm.
LAT is also tolerant of very cold temperatures near frozen to temperatures above 35 ° C. However, for LAT-LAT tropical areas should be maintained at 24 - 30 ° C intervals. Optimum growth will be achieved if they are maintained at 25-29 ° C.
3. pH AND HEADLINE
LAT lives in waters with a slightly alkaline pH kisarn between 7-9. They are rarely found to be in water with a pH of less than 7. Whereas the hardness (lime content) of water required is moderate to high. It is necessary to keep the dissolved calcium content high enough to ensure the formation of their shells well.
4. OTHER WATER QUALITY
Various reports indicate that young LAT is sensitive to high chlorine levels. Therefore it is often recommended to eat water first before being used for LAT.
LAT is also known to accumulate mercury (Hg) in their bodies so they are often used as indicators of environmental pollution. LAT is sensitive to pesticides, especially from groups of organochlorines, as well as oil residues. This should be a concern for those who want to cultivate LAT openly, to first check carefully the water source to be used.
TECHNICAL DOING BUSINESS
Cultivation of freshwater crayfish is usually distinguished into hatcheries and enlargement efforts or is a unity of both. The hatchery is producing freshwater lobster seedlings or seedlings up to 2 Inches. The first thing that is needed is a Quality Mother who is not susceptible to disease and not from the results of inbreeding (inbreeding) because it can produce double lobsters or intersex. Next is a pool for breeding with a maximum size of 1m2 for 1 set (5 females 3 males). Medianya simply use aquarium or cement pool.
Magnification is to produce the consumption-size lobter, the first required of freshwater lobster seed size of 2 inches for enlargement. Next is a large enough land and should be a land pool with a maximum size of 1 M2 to 10 tail. Males and females should be separated to prevent marriage during enlargement. Male lobster is faster growth therefore enlargement should be performed on male lobster.
FOOD
In order for LAT growth in accordance with the expected feed given should contain nutrients in accordance with what is required LAT. Nutrition needed LAT consists of Protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Nowadays many manufacturers produce LAT feed
TYPES of FEED
1. Natural feed, usually cultivated by breeders. However, due to the limited facilities and infrastructure usually the farmers find it difficult. The commonly grown cultivated foods are chlorella, tetraselmis, dunaleilla, diatone, spirulina, artemia, water fleas, mosquito larvae, hair worms, earthworms and blood worms.
2. Homemade food, is a feed formulated by breeders of various materials such as: rebon flour, fish meal, worms, carrots, toge, green beans and golden snails. Feed can be formed pellet or pasta mixture
3. Commercial feed, which is a ready-made feed that is obtained by fish feed companies
Feeding should be 3% of LAT weight and given in the morning or afternoon. If the feed is not exhausted it should be removed at the time of subsequent feeding.
DISEASE CONTROL
Although LAT is known to be more resistant to disease than other types of shrimp, it does not mean LAT can be free from disease, the disease is usually caused by a virus. In the period of virus enlargement that causes disease in LAT are:
1. White Spot Disease (WSD).
The disease caused by this virus can cause the pool side to die. To anticipate this virus attack several ways can be done, namely:
- Avoid entry of infected LAT
- Reduce the density of lobster distribution in the pond
- Keep the level of ammonia and water acidity
- Avoid water that has been used for other shrimp farming
- Clean the infected equipment
2. Ricketsia-like organism.LAT is infected with this virus is usually weakened and sometimes marked by the black or blue spots of green on eksokoletonnya. The LAT is dead because of this virus the body and head are separated.
3. Mushroom (Crayfish Plague) .LAT infected with this fungus is generally the type astacus astacus that comes from europe. Transmission can pass through the asphanomices astaci lice or can also through the equipment used
In addition to the above mentioned virus disruption to LAT caused by pests, such as: snakes, rats, birds, catfish, and gouramy.
HEAVING
Harvesting should be done at temperatures that are not too hot, morning or afternoon or evening. Some of the usual harvesting techniques on the effort are:
1. Flow Trapping
The technicalities are as follows:
A. Lower the pool water up to 2cm and hideout removed from the pond,
B. Place the container box on the side of the pool, place the aerator in the container box to prevent oxygen deprivation.
C. Attach the board to a sliding position, from the bottom of the pool to the side of the pond just above the container box.
D. Flow water on the board
Lobster's instinct is to find fresh water, he will go to the water that flows from the board and climb it after it gets over the lobster will fall into the shelter
