How to Plant Mango, Mango Cultivation is Right and Profitable. Mango fruit is one of the favorite fruits of the family in Indonesia, in addition to affordable prices also taste sweet and fresh. The young fruit is favored for candied sweets and salads that invite tastes.
Mango plants include lowland plants. This plant can grow and develop well in areas with altitude between 0-300 m above sea level.
However, this plant can still grow to a height of 1300 m above sea level. Areas with rainfall between 750-2,250 mm per year and temperatures 24-27 ° C are good growing places for these fruit crops. The preferred type of soil is loose soil, well drained, pH between 5.5 and 6, and with a groundwater depth between 50-150 cm.
Generally, mango plants are propagated by grafting, although it can also be grafted buds and grafts. As rootstock used mango seedlings honey.
The use of seeds from seeds is not justified, except for rootstock. Improper (incompatible) unders on the growth and fertilization (fruit production, fruit shape, and taste of fruit flesh) of the upper stem.
Seedling (seedling and grafting) is usually done in the garden. Then, transferred to polybags after shoot height about 20 cm.
- Seedlings are planted in planting holes measuring 60 cm x 60 cm x 50 cm with a spacing of 8-12m.
- Each hole is given manure that has been so much as 20 kg.
- The grafting seedling is planted in the field after reaching a height of more than 75cm.
Fertilization
The artificial fertilizers are given in the form of a mixture of 200 kg urea, 500 kg of TSP (667 kg SP-36), and 150 kg of KCl per hectare or 200 g urea, 500 g of TSP and 150 g of KCl per plant. Fertilization is done four times with a lapse of three months. The dosage increases with the age of the plant.
Pruning
After reaching a height of 1 m, the seedlings are trimmed on the frontier of the growth plane in order to branch off a lot. This branch maintained 2-3 buds per branch. Pruning is repeated after the new branch reaches 1m long, and so on until it gets the order of 1-3-9 branches.
Planting Mango: Plant Mango Pests and Diseases
Discomforting pests are stem borer (Cryptorrhynchus sp) and cicade beetle (Idiocerus niueosparsus). The insect pests of Idiocerus suckers severely damage the mango flower until it crumbles. The number of female flowers is low with fertilization by weak pollen. Insect attacks (aphis) cause low mango production.
This pest can be resolved with 0.2% Tamaron systemic insecticide spray. Intravenous insecticides are recommended to avoid adverse effects on pollinating beetles.
Diseases that often attack, especially in wet climates are blendok disease (lh'plodia sp.), Dead buds (Gloeosporium sp.), And post-harvest disease (Botryodiplodia sp) which causes mango fruits to rot quickly at the base.
However, this disease can also attack the stem of the mango seed connection when the environment conditions moist and cold plants.
The destructive Diplodia attack of the stem can be overcome by applying a 0.3% Benlate solution or 20-50% lisol on a pre-cleansed wound.
Planting Mango: Harvest and Post Harvest
Mango fruit is harvested after the old is true. The characteristics are as follows:
- the base of the fruit has been swelled flat
- the color began to turn yellow.
- Fruit picking that is not old right cause the taste is rather sour and chelate (low quality).
- Age of fruit harvested approximately 4-5 months (110-150 days) since the flowers bloom (anthesis).
- Picking should be careful, should not fall, and the sap should not be about the mango fruit.
Generally, mango plants flower in July-August. Ripe fruit can be harvested in September-December. Fruits should be cleaned of lice, soot, and sap attached.
